A double blind, randomised placebo controlled trial of rifampicin with omeprazole in the treatment of human cutaneous leishmaniasis.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES This study was conducted on 50 patients of Anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (oriental sore) to assess the efficacy of rifampicin and omeprazole through a double blind, randomised placebo control study. METHODS The diagnosis of Anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) caused by Leishmania tropica was done by demonstration of Leishmania tropica (LT) bodies from the painless, dry ulcerative lesion. Each patient was assessed clinically in the beginning of the study, at the end of 2,4 and 6 weeks and all observations were compared in both the groups. Twenty-five patients received rifampicin with omeprazole (Group A) whereas other 25 patients received placebo (Group B) for a period of six weeks. RESULTS Altogether 23 cases in group Aand 21 cases in group B completed the study. About 16 (69.7%) cases in group A and 3 (14.29%) cases in group B had complete healing, whereas 3 patients (13.04%) of group A and 4 patients (19.05%) of group B had partial response and 4 patients (17.93%) of group A and 14 patients (66.67%) of group B had no response at the end of study. The difference of two groups was statistically highly significant (p < 0.00025). All patients tolerated the drug and placebo very well and no side effect was reported. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION In our opinion rifampicin and omeprazole is a highly effective, less toxic and cheaper alternative for the management of cutaneous leishmaniasis.